@ohos.app.ability.UIAbility (UIAbility)

UIAbility是包含UI界面的应用组件，提供组件创建、销毁、前后台切换等生命周期回调，同时也具备组件协同的能力，组件协同主要提供如下常用功能：

• Caller：由startAbilityByCall接口返回，CallerAbility(调用者)可使用Caller与CalleeAbility(被调用者)进行通信。
• Callee：UIAbility的内部对象，CalleeAbility(被调用者)可以通过Callee与Caller进行通信。

说明：

本模块首批接口从API version 9 开始支持。后续版本的新增接口，采用上角标单独标记接口的起始版本。
本模块接口仅可在Stage模型下使用。

导入模块

import Ability from '@ohos.app.ability.UIAbility';

属性

系统能力：以下各项对应的系统能力均为SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

UIAbility.onCreate

onCreate(want: Want, param: AbilityConstant.LaunchParam): void;

Ability创建时回调，执行初始化业务逻辑操作。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

参数：

示例：

class myAbility extends Ability {
    onCreate(want, param) {
        console.log('onCreate, want:' + want.abilityName);
    }
}

UIAbility.onWindowStageCreate

onWindowStageCreate(windowStage: window.WindowStage): void

当WindowStage创建后调用。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

参数：

示例：

class myAbility extends Ability {
    onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
        console.log('onWindowStageCreate');
    }
}

UIAbility.onWindowStageDestroy

onWindowStageDestroy(): void

当WindowStage销毁后调用。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

示例：

class myAbility extends Ability {
    onWindowStageDestroy() {
        console.log('onWindowStageDestroy');
    }
}

UIAbility.onWindowStageRestore

onWindowStageRestore(windowStage: window.WindowStage): void

当迁移多实例ability时，恢复WindowStage后调用。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

参数：

示例：

class myAbility extends Ability {
    onWindowStageRestore(windowStage) {
        console.log('onWindowStageRestore');
    }
}

UIAbility.onDestroy

onDestroy(): void | Promise<void>;

Ability生命周期回调，在销毁时回调，执行资源清理等操作。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

示例：

class myAbility extends Ability {
    onDestroy() {
        console.log('onDestroy');
    }
}

UIAbility.onForeground

onForeground(): void;

Ability生命周期回调，当应用从后台转到前台时触发。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

示例：

class myAbility extends Ability {
    onForeground() {
        console.log('onForeground');
    }
}

UIAbility.onBackground

onBackground(): void;

Ability生命周期回调，当应用从前台转到后台时触发。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

示例：

class myAbility extends Ability {
    onBackground() {
        console.log('onBackground');
    }
}

UIAbility.onContinue

onContinue(wantParam: { [key: string]: Object }): AbilityConstant.OnContinueResult;

当ability迁移准备迁移时触发，保存数据。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

参数：

返回值：

示例：

import AbilityConstant from '@ohos.app.ability.AbilityConstant';
class MyUIAbility extends Ability {
    onContinue(wantParams) {
        console.log('onContinue');
        wantParams['myData'] = 'my1234567';
        return AbilityConstant.OnContinueResult.AGREE;
    }
}

UIAbility.onNewWant

onNewWant(want: Want, launchParams: AbilityConstant.LaunchParam): void;

当传入新的Want，ability再次被拉起时会回调执行该方法。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

参数：

示例：

 class MyUIAbility extends Ability {
    onNewWant(want, launchParams) {
        console.log('onNewWant, want:' + want.abilityName);
        console.log('onNewWant, launchParams:' + JSON.stringify(launchParams));
     }
 }

UIAbility.onDump

onDump(params: Array<string>): Array<string>;

转储客户端信息时调用。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

参数：

示例：

class myAbility extends Ability {
    onDump(params) {
        console.log('dump, params:' + JSON.stringify(params));
        return ['params'];
    }
}

UIAbility.onSaveState

onSaveState(reason: AbilityConstant.StateType, wantParam : {[key: string]: Object}): AbilityConstant.OnSaveResult;

该API配合appRecovery使用。在应用故障时，如果使能了自动保存状态，框架将回调onSaveState保存Ability状态。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

参数：

返回值：

示例：

import AbilityConstant from '@ohos.app.ability.AbilityConstant';

class MyUIAbility extends Ability {
  onSaveState(reason, wantParam) {
      console.log('onSaveState');
      wantParam['myData'] = 'my1234567';
      return AbilityConstant.OnSaveResult.RECOVERY_AGREE;
  }
}

Caller

通用组件Caller通信客户端调用接口, 用来向通用组件服务端发送约定数据。

Caller.call

call(method: string, data: rpc.Parcelable): Promise<void>;

向通用组件服务端发送约定序列化数据。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

参数：

返回值：

错误码：

以上错误码详细介绍请参考errcode-ability。

示例：

class MyMessageAble{ // 自定义的Parcelable数据结构
  name:''
  str:''
  num: 1
  constructor(name, str) {
    this.name = name;
    this.str = str;
  }
  marshalling(messageSequence) {
    messageSequence.writeInt(this.num);
    messageSequence.writeString(this.str);
    console.log('MyMessageAble marshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
    return true;
  }
  unmarshalling(messageSequence) {
    this.num = messageSequence.readInt();
    this.str = messageSequence.readString();
    console.log('MyMessageAble unmarshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
    return true;
  }
};
let method = 'call_Function'; // 约定的通知消息字符串
let caller;
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
    this.context.startAbilityByCall({
      bundleName: 'com.example.myservice',
      abilityName: 'MainAbility',
      deviceId: ''
    }).then((obj) => {
      caller = obj;
      let msg = new MyMessageAble('msg', 'world'); // 参考Parcelable数据定义
      caller.call(method, msg)
        .then(() => {
          console.log('Caller call() called');
        })
        .catch((callErr) => {
          console.log('Caller.call catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(callErr.code) +
            ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(callErr.message));
        });
    }).catch((err) => {
      console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message));
    });
  }
}

Caller.callWithResult

callWithResult(method: string, data: rpc.Parcelable): Promise<rpc.MessageSequence>;

向通用组件服务端发送约定序列化数据, 并将服务端返回的约定序列化数据带回。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

参数：

返回值：

错误码：

以上错误码详细介绍请参考errcode-ability。

示例：

class MyMessageAble{
  name:''
  str:''
  num: 1
  constructor(name, str) {
    this.name = name;
    this.str = str;
  }
  marshalling(messageSequence) {
    messageSequence.writeInt(this.num);
    messageSequence.writeString(this.str);
    console.log('MyMessageAble marshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
    return true;
  }
  unmarshalling(messageSequence) {
    this.num = messageSequence.readInt();
    this.str = messageSequence.readString();
    console.log('MyMessageAble unmarshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
    return true;
  }
};
let method = 'call_Function';
let caller;
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
    this.context.startAbilityByCall({
      bundleName: 'com.example.myservice',
      abilityName: 'MainAbility',
      deviceId: ''
    }).then((obj) => {
      caller = obj;
      let msg = new MyMessageAble(1, 'world');
      caller.callWithResult(method, msg)
        .then((data) => {
          console.log('Caller callWithResult() called');
          let retmsg = new MyMessageAble(0, '');
          data.readParcelable(retmsg);
        })
        .catch((callErr) => {
          console.log('Caller.callWithResult catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(callErr.code) +
            ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(callErr.message));
        });
    }).catch((err) => {
      console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message));
    });
  }
}

Caller.release

release(): void;

主动释放通用组件服务端的通信接口。

系统能力：SystemCapability.UIAbility.UIAbilityRuntime.UIAbilityCore

错误码：

以上错误码详细介绍请参考errcode-ability。

示例：

let caller;
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
    this.context.startAbilityByCall({
      bundleName: 'com.example.myservice',
      abilityName: 'MainAbility',
      deviceId: ''
    }).then((obj) => {
      caller = obj;
      try {
        caller.release();
      } catch (releaseErr) {
        console.log('Caller.release catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(releaseErr.code) +
          ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(releaseErr.message));
      }
    }).catch((err) => {
      console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message));
    });
  }
}

Caller.onRelease

onRelease(callback: OnReleaseCallback): void;

注册通用组件服务端Stub（桩）断开监听通知。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

错误码：

以上错误码详细介绍请参考errcode-ability。

参数：

示例：

let caller;
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
    this.context.startAbilityByCall({
      bundleName: 'com.example.myservice',
      abilityName: 'MainAbility',
      deviceId: ''
    }).then((obj) => {
        caller = obj;
        try {
          caller.onRelease((str) => {
              console.log(' Caller OnRelease CallBack is called ' + str);
          });
        } catch (error) {
          console.log('Caller.onRelease catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) +
            ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message));
        }
    }).catch((err) => {
      console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message));
    });
  }
}

Caller.on

on(type: 'release', callback: OnReleaseCallback): void;

注册通用组件服务端Stub（桩）断开监听通知。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

参数：

错误码：

以上错误码详细介绍请参考errcode-ability。

示例：

let caller;
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
    this.context.startAbilityByCall({
      bundleName: 'com.example.myservice',
      abilityName: 'MainAbility',
      deviceId: ''
    }).then((obj) => {
        caller = obj;
        try {
          caller.on('release', (str) => {
              console.log(' Caller OnRelease CallBack is called ' + str);
          });
        } catch (error) {
          console.log('Caller.on catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) +
            ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message));
        }
    }).catch((err) => {
      console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message));
    });
  }
}

Caller.off

off(type: 'release', callback: OnReleaseCallback): void;

取消注册通用组件服务端Stub（桩）断开监听通知。预留能力，当前暂未支持。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

参数：

错误码：

其他ID见元能力子系统错误码

示例：

let caller;
export default class MainUIAbility extends Ability {
  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
    this.context.startAbilityByCall({
      bundleName: 'com.example.myservice',
      abilityName: 'MainUIAbility',
      deviceId: ''
    }).then((obj) => {
        caller = obj;
        try {
          let onReleaseCallBack = (str) => {
              console.log(' Caller OnRelease CallBack is called ' + str);
          };
          caller.on('release', onReleaseCallBack);
          caller.off('release', onReleaseCallBack);
        } catch (error) {
          console.log('Caller.on or Caller.off catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) +
            ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message));
        }
    }).catch((err) => {
      console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message));
    });
  }
}

Caller.off

off(type: 'release'): void;

取消注册通用组件服务端Stub（桩）断开监听通知。预留能力，当前暂未支持。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

参数：

错误码：

其他ID见元能力子系统错误码

示例：

let caller;
export default class MainUIAbility extends Ability {
  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
    this.context.startAbilityByCall({
      bundleName: 'com.example.myservice',
      abilityName: 'MainUIAbility',
      deviceId: ''
    }).then((obj) => {
        caller = obj;
        try {
          let onReleaseCallBack = (str) => {
              console.log(' Caller OnRelease CallBack is called ' + str);
          };
          caller.on('release', onReleaseCallBack);
          caller.off('release');
        } catch (error) {  
          console.error('Caller.on or Caller.off catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) +
            ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message));
        }
    }).catch((err) => {
      console.error('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message));
    });
  }
}

Callee

通用组件服务端注册和解除客户端caller通知送信的callback接口。

Callee.on

on(method: string, callback: CalleeCallback): void;

通用组件服务端注册消息通知callback。

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

参数：

错误码：

以上错误码详细介绍请参考errcode-ability。

示例：

class MyMessageAble{
    name:''
    str:''
    num: 1
    constructor(name, str) {
      this.name = name;
      this.str = str;
    }
    marshalling(messageSequence) {
        messageSequence.writeInt(this.num);
        messageSequence.writeString(this.str);
        console.log('MyMessageAble marshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
        return true;
    }
    unmarshalling(messageSequence) {
        this.num = messageSequence.readInt();
        this.str = messageSequence.readString();
        console.log('MyMessageAble unmarshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
        return true;
    }
};
let method = 'call_Function';
function funcCallBack(pdata) {
    console.log('Callee funcCallBack is called ' + pdata);
    let msg = new MyMessageAble('test', '');
    pdata.readParcelable(msg);
    return new MyMessageAble('test1', 'Callee test');
}
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
  onCreate(want, launchParam) {
    console.log('Callee onCreate is called');
    try {
      this.callee.on(method, funcCallBack);
    } catch (error) {
      console.log('Callee.on catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message));
    }
  }
}

Callee.off

off(method: string): void;

解除通用组件服务端注册消息通知callback。

系统能力：SystemCapability.UIAbility.UIAbilityRuntime.UIAbilityCore

参数：

错误码：

以上错误码详细介绍请参考errcode-ability。

示例：

let method = 'call_Function';
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
  onCreate(want, launchParam) {
    console.log('Callee onCreate is called');
    try {
      this.callee.off(method);
    } catch (error) {
      console.log('Callee.off catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message));
    }
  }
}

OnReleaseCallback

(msg: string): void;

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore

CalleeCallback

(indata: rpc.MessageSequence): rpc.Parcelable;

系统能力：SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore