HiChecker Development

Overview

HiChecker is a framework provided by OpenHarmony for checking code errors and runtime results. It can be used for checking runtime errors during application and system development. This section applies only to the standard system.

Development Guidelines

Use Cases

HiChecker is provided for you to check issues that may be easily ignored during development of OpenHarmony applications (including system-built and third-party applications). Such issues include calling of time-consuming functions by key application threads, event distribution and execution timeout in application processes, and ability resource leakage in application processes. The issues are recorded in logs or lead to process crashes explicitly so that you can notice them and take correction measures.

Available APIs

HiChecker provides the APIs listed in the following table.

Table 1 HiChecker APIs

API	Description
uint_64_t RULE_CAUTION_PRINT_LOG = 1<<63;	Defines an alarm rule, which is programmed to record a log when an alarm is generated.
uint_64_t RULE_CAUTION_TRIGGER_CRASH = 1<<62;	Defines an alarm rule, which is programmed to force the application to exit when an alarm is generated.
uint_64_t RULE_THREAD_CHECK_SLOW_PROCESS = 1;	Defines a check rule, which is programmed to check whether any time-consuming function is called.
uint_64_t RULE_CHECK_SLOW_EVENT = 1<<32;	Defines a check rule, which is programmed to check whether the event distribution or processing time has exceeded the specified time threshold.
uint_64_t RULE_CHECK_ABILITY_CONNECTION_LEAK = 1<<33;	Defines a check rule, which is programmed to check ability leakage.
AddRule(uint_64_t rule) : void	Adds one or more rules. HiChecker detects unexpected operations or gives feedback based on the added rules.
RemoveRule(uint_64_t rule) : void	Removes one or more rules. The removed rules will no longer take effect.
GetRule() : uint_64_t	Obtains a collection of thread, process, and alarm rules that have been added.
Contains(uint_64_t rule) : bool	Checks whether the collection of added rules contains a specific rule. If a thread-level rule is specified, the system only checks whether it is contained in the current thread.
NotifySlowProcess(std::string tag) : void	Notifies your application of a slow process so that your application avoids calling it directly in key threads.
NotifySlowEvent(std::string tag) : void	Notifies your application that event distribution or execution has timed out.
NotifyAbilityConnectionLeak(Caution caution) : void	Notifies your application that AbilityConnection leakage has occurred.
GetTriggerRule() : uint_64_t	Obtains the rule that triggers the current alarm.
GetCautionMsg() : std::string	Obtains the alarm message.
GetStackTrace() : std::string	Obtains the stack when an alarm is triggered.

Development Example

C++

Include the following HiChecker header file in the code file:
```
#include "hichecker.h"
```
For a non-DFX subsystem, add the HiviewDFX field.
```
using namespace OHOS::HiviewDFX;
```
Use related APIs through static calls.
```
HiChecker::AddRule(Rule::RULE_THREAD_CHECK_SLOW_PROCESS); // Add a rule.
HiChecker::AddRule(Rule::RULE_CHECK_SLOW_EVENT | Rule::RULE_CAUTION_PRINT_LOG); // Add multiple rules.
HiChecker::Contains(Rule::RULE_CAUTION_PRINT_LOG); // true
HiChecker::GetRule(); //RULE_THREAD_CHECK_SLOW_PROCESS | RULE_CHECK_SLOW_EVENT | RULE_CAUTION_PRINT_LOG
```
When a rule is triggered, an alarm is generated based on the rule, and a log is recorded by default.
- RULE_CAUTION_PRINT_LOG The log prints information such as the rule, thread ID, thread name, and stack that triggers the alarm.
- RULE_CAUTION_TRIGGER_CRASH The process exits directly, and the log prints the exit prompt and other auxiliary information.
Usage of the Notify APIs:
- NotifySlowProcess(std::string tag) Notifies your application that a slow process has been called. The following is an example of the input arguments:
```
"threadId: xx,threadName:xx,actualTime:xx,delayTime:xx"
```
- NotifySlowEvent(std::string tag) Notifies your application that event distribution or execution has timed out. The following is an example of the input arguments:
```
"threadId: xx,threadName:xx,eventName:xx,actualTime:xx,delayTime:xx"
```
- NotifyAbilityConnectionLeak(Caution caution) Notifies your application that AbilityConnection leakage has occurred. The following example shows that a Caution instance is passed into this API.
```
Caution caution(Rule::RULE_CHECK_ABILITY_CONNECTION_LEAK , cautionMessage, stackTrace)
// cautionMessage is similar to other Notify APIs.
// stackTrace indicates the stack information when leakage occurs.
```

Add the subsystem dependency to the BUILD.gn file that has imported the HiChecker module.

include_dirs = [ "//base/hiviewdfx/interfaces/innerkits/libhichecker/include" ]
external_deps = [ "hichecker_native:libhichecker" ]