Using OHAudio for Audio Recording (C/C++)

OHAudio is a set of native APIs introduced in API version 10. These APIs are normalized in design and support both common and low-latency audio channels.

Prerequisites

To use the playback or recording capability of OHAudio, you must first import the corresponding header files.

Linking the Dynamic Library in the CMake Script

target_link_libraries(sample PUBLIC libohaudio.so)

Adding Header Files

To use APIs for audio recording, import <native_audiostreambuilder.h> and <native_audiocapturer.h>.

#include <ohaudio/native_audiocapturer.h>
#include <ohaudio/native_audiostreambuilder.h>

Audio Stream Builder

OHAudio provides the OH_AudioStreamBuilder class, which complies with the builder design pattern and is used to build audio streams. You need to specify OH_AudioStream_Type based on your service scenarios.

OH_AudioStream_Type can be set to either of the following:

• AUDIOSTREAM_TYPE_RENDERER
• AUDIOSTREAM_TYPE_CAPTURER

The following code snippet shows how to use OH_AudioStreamBuilder_Create to create a builder:

OH_AudioStreamBuilder* builder;
OH_AudioStreamBuilder_Create(&builder, streamType);

After the audio service is complete, call OH_AudioStreamBuilder_Destroy to destroy the builder.

OH_AudioStreamBuilder_Destroy(builder);

How to Develop

Read OHAudio for the API reference.

The following walks you through how to implement simple recording:

1. Create an audio stream builder.

   OH_AudioStreamBuilder* builder;
   OH_AudioStreamBuilder_Create(&builder, AUDIOSTREAM_TYPE_CAPTURER);
   

2. Set audio stream parameters.

   After creating the builder for audio recording, set the parameters required.

   // Set the audio sampling rate.
   OH_AudioStreamBuilder_SetSamplingRate(builder, 48000);
   // Set the number of audio channels.
   OH_AudioStreamBuilder_SetChannelCount(builder, 2);
   // Set the audio sampling format.
   OH_AudioStreamBuilder_SetSampleFormat(builder, AUDIOSTREAM_SAMPLE_S16LE);
   // Set the encoding type of the audio stream.
   OH_AudioStreamBuilder_SetEncodingType(builder, AUDIOSTREAM_ENCODING_TYPE_RAW);
   // Set the usage scenario of the audio capturer.
   OH_AudioStreamBuilder_SetCapturerInfo(builder, AUDIOSTREAM_SOURCE_TYPE_MIC);
   

   Note that the audio data to record is written through callbacks. You must call OH_AudioStreamBuilder_SetCapturerCallback to implement the callbacks. For details about the declaration of the callback functions, see OH_AudioCapturer_Callbacks.

3. Set the callback functions.

   For details about concurrent processing of multiple audio streams, see Audio Playback Concurrency Policy. Only the interface language is different.

   // Customize a data writing function.
   int32_t MyOnReadData(
       OH_AudioCapturer* capturer,
       void* userData,
       void* buffer,
       int32_t length)
   {
       // Obtain the recording data of the specified length from the buffer.
       return 0;
   }
   // Customize an audio stream event function.
   int32_t MyOnStreamEvent(
       OH_AudioCapturer* capturer,
       void* userData,
       OH_AudioStream_Event event)
   {
       // Update the player status and UI based on the audio stream event information indicated by the event.
       return 0;
   }
   // Customize an audio interruption event function.
   int32_t MyOnInterruptEvent(
       OH_AudioCapturer* capturer,
       void* userData,
       OH_AudioInterrupt_ForceType type,
       OH_AudioInterrupt_Hint hint)
   {
       // Update the capturer status and UI based on the audio interruption information indicated by type and hint.
       return 0;
   }
   // Customize an exception callback function.
   int32_t MyOnError(
       OH_AudioCapturer* capturer,
       void* userData,
       OH_AudioStream_Result error)
   {
       // Perform operations based on the audio exception information indicated by error.
       return 0;
   }
   
   OH_AudioCapturer_Callbacks callbacks;
   // Set the callbacks.
   callbacks.OH_AudioCapturer_OnReadData = MyOnReadData;
   callbacks.OH_AudioCapturer_OnStreamEvent = MyOnStreamEvent;
   callbacks.OH_AudioCapturer_OnInterruptEvent = MyOnInterruptEvent;
   callbacks.OH_AudioCapturer_OnError = MyOnError;
   
   // Set the callbacks for audio input streams.
   OH_AudioStreamBuilder_SetCapturerCallback(builder, callbacks, nullptr);
   

   To avoid unexpected behavior, ensure that each callback of OH_AudioCapturer_Callbacks is initialized by a custom callback method or null pointer when being set.

   // (Optional) Use a null pointer to initialize the OnError callback.
   callbacks.OH_AudioCapturer_OnError = nullptr;
   

4. Create an audio capturer instance.

   OH_AudioCapturer* audioCapturer;
   OH_AudioStreamBuilder_GenerateCapturer(builder, &audioCapturer);
   

5. Use the audio capturer.

   You can use the APIs listed below to control the audio streams.

6. Destroy the audio stream builder.

   When the builder is no longer used, release related resources.

   OH_AudioStreamBuilder_Destroy(builder);
   

Setting the Low Latency Mode

If the device supports the low-latency channel, you can use the low-latency mode to create an audio capturer for a higher-quality audio experience.

The development process is similar to that in the common recording scenario. The only difference is that you need to set the low delay mode by calling OH_AudioStreamBuilder_SetLatencyMode() when creating an audio stream builder.

Code snippet:

OH_AudioStream_LatencyMode latencyMode = AUDIOSTREAM_LATENCY_MODE_FAST;
OH_AudioStreamBuilder_SetLatencyMode(builder, latencyMode);